Judgement and conjecture
~はずだ
should be ~; be expected to ~; must be ~
AI-written, reviewed by AI (ChatGPT)
How to form it
- Verb / い-adjective (plain form) + はずだ
- な-adjective + な + はずだ
- Noun + の + はずだ
Register: Neutral
Explanation
Expresses an expectation based on reasons, facts or knowledge that something is the case.
The speaker has grounds, such as a schedule or common sense. If the fact turns out different, the speaker may be surprised: はずなのに. Not used for your own deliberate actions.
Examples
彼は今日の会議に来るはずだ。
かれはきょうのかいぎにくるはずだ。
He should come to today's meeting.
この道を行けば、駅に着くはずです。
このみちをいけば、えきにつくはずです。
If you follow this road, you should reach the station.
彼女は日本語が上手なはずだ。十年も日本に住んでいたから。
かのじょはにほんごがじょうずなはずだ。じゅうねんもにほんにすんでいたから。
She should be good at Japanese; she lived in Japan for ten years.
鍵はここにあるはずなのに、見つからない。
かぎはここにあるはずなのに、みつからない。
The key should be here, but I cannot find it.
Compare with
Common mistakes
- Using it to talk about your own intention. Use つもり.