Permission and prohibition
~てはいけない
must not ~; it is not allowed to ~
AI-written, reviewed by AI (ChatGPT)
How to form it
- Verb (て-form) + はいけない (では after で: 飲んではいけない)
- Other forms such as い-adjective ~くてはいけない and な-adjective / Noun ~ではいけない also occur, but they state that a quality is unacceptable rather than prohibit an action
Register: Neutral to firm; ~てはいけません is the polite form
Explanation
States a prohibition, often a rule or a clear limit.
Used for rules, signs and warnings. Said to a person it can sound strong. Spoken Japanese often shortens it to ~ちゃいけない / ~ちゃだめ.
Examples
教室でたばこを吸ってはいけない。
きょうしつでたばこをすってはいけない。
You must not smoke in the classroom.
ここに車を止めてはいけない。
ここにくるまをとめてはいけない。
You must not park a car here.
夜遅く、大きな声で話してはいけない。
よるおそく、おおきなこえではなしてはいけない。
You mustn't talk loudly late at night.
Compare with
Common mistakes
- Using it to mean 'it is not necessary'; that is ~なくてもいい.
- Using ~てはいけないです where a more formal polite form is wanted; ~てはいけません is the standard polite form, although ~てはいけないです is also heard in conversation.