Permission and prohibition

~なくてもいい

don't have to ~; it is not necessary to ~

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Practise this point

How to form it

  • Verb (ない-form, e.g. 行かない) → ~なくてもいい: 行かなくてもいい
  • い-adjective: ~くなくてもいい
  • な-adjective / Noun: ~でなくてもいい

Register: Neutral; ~なくてもかまわない is a little more formal

Explanation

Says that something is not necessary, or that not doing it is acceptable.

It is permission not to do something. It is often paired with a reason (明日は休みだから).

Examples

  1. 明日は休みだから、早く起きなくてもいい。

    あしたはやすみだから、はやくおきなくてもいい。

    Tomorrow is a day off, so I don't have to get up early.

  2. 全部食べなくてもいいですよ。

    ぜんぶたべなくてもいいですよ。

    You don't have to eat it all.

  3. 今日は、宿題をしなくてもいいです。

    きょうは、しゅくだいをしなくてもいいです。

    You don't need to do homework today.

Compare with

Common mistakes

  • Thinking it means 'must not'; the prohibition is ~てはいけない.
  • Leaving out the も and saying ~なくていい, which is also natural but slightly more casual.