Time and sequence

~間に

while ~; during ~ (something happens within the period)

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How to form it

  • Verb (dictionary form / ている) + 間に
  • い-adjective + 間に
  • な-adjective + な + 間に
  • Noun + の + 間に

Register: Neutral

Explanation

Says that something happens at some point within a period of time. The action is usually a single event or short action.

The second part happens once, at some moment during the period, and the subjects of the two parts may differ. Compare 間 (throughout the period).

Examples

  1. 母が買い物に行っている間に、部屋を片付けた。

    ははがかいものにいっているあいだに、へやをかたづけた。

    I tidied the room while my mother was out shopping.

  2. 留守の間に、荷物が届いた。

    るすのあいだに、にもつがとどいた。

    A package arrived while I was out.

  3. 日本にいる間に、富士山に登りたい。

    にほんにいるあいだに、ふじさんにのぼりたい。

    I want to climb Mount Fuji while I am in Japan.

  4. 電車に乗っている間に、メールを書いた。

    でんしゃにのっているあいだに、メールをかいた。

    I wrote an email while I was on the train.

Compare with

  • ~間: 間 without に describes a continuing state or action through the whole period.
  • ~うちに: うちに stresses 'before the state changes'.

Common mistakes

  • Using 間に for an action that continues through the whole period; use 間 there.