Contrast, comparison and degree

~のに(逆接)

although ~; even though ~; in spite of ~

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How to form it

  • Verb / い-adjective (plain form) + のに
  • な-adjective + なのに
  • Noun + なのに

Register: Neutral; spoken

Explanation

Says that the result is the opposite of what you would expect from the first part, usually with a feeling of surprise, regret or complaint.

The speaker's emotion is strong: dissatisfaction, disappointment or surprise. The second part is a fact, not a request or order.

Examples

  1. 勉強したのに、試験に落ちた。

    べんきょうしたのに、しけんにおちた。

    Even though I studied, I failed the exam.

  2. 春なのに、まだ雪が降っている。

    はるなのに、まだゆきがふっている。

    Even though it is spring, it is still snowing.

  3. 約束したのに、彼は来なかった。

    やくそくしたのに、かれはこなかった。

    Even though he promised, he did not come.

  4. この店は、高いのに、あまりおいしくない。

    このみせは、たかいのに、あまりおいしくない。

    This shop is expensive, yet not very tasty.

Compare with

  • ~ても: ても is 'even if' and can be hypothetical; のに is about a real situation with a feeling.
  • ~のに(用途・必要): The other のに is about use or need, not contrast.

Common mistakes

  • Following のに with a request or order (安いのに、買ってください). The second part states a fact.